Sildenafil, which is often recognized by its commercial name Viagra, is primarily prescribed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), a condition characterized by the inability to achieve or sustain an erection suitable for sexual intercourse. In addition to its primary use, sildenafil is marketed under the brand name Revatio for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a condition defined by elevated blood pressure in the arteries that supply blood to the lungs. Patients suffering from this condition can experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, lightheadedness, and fatigue. As a member of the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors class, sildenafil facilitates its effect on erectile dysfunction by enhancing blood flow to the penis in response to sexual arousal, thereby promoting erection. In the context of PAH, sildenafil functions by dilating blood vessels in the lungs, which promotes increased blood flow.
It's crucial to note that while sildenafil is effective for aiding erection, it does not cure erectile dysfunction nor does it enhance sexual desire. Furthermore, sildenafil provides no barrier or protection against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.
Sildenafil is available in both tablet form and as an oral suspension. For those utilizing it for erectile dysfunction, it is typically ingested on an as-needed basis approximately one hour prior to sexual activity; consumption can range from 30 minutes to four hours beforehand. It is advised not to take sildenafil more than once in a 24-hour period. Patients may take the medication with or without food, but they should be aware that high-fat meals may delay the onset of action.
For treating PAH, sildenafil is recommended to be taken three times daily, irrespective of meals, and should be administered at the same times every day. Adhering to the healthcare provider’s guidance on how to use this medication is vital.
Regardless of whether sildenafil is prescribed for erectile dysfunction or PAH, following the prescribed dosages and instructions from a healthcare provider is essential to prevent any adverse effects or complications.
Beyond its primary indications, sildenafil may sometimes be prescribed for various other health conditions; should you have further questions, please consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for detailed information.
Precautions Before Taking Sildenafil
- Be sure to notify your doctor if you have a known allergy to sildenafil or any other medications or ingredients found in sildenafil tablets or suspension. For a comprehensive list of ingredients, consult your pharmacist.
- Certain medications, particularly nitrates which are often prescribed for chest pain, should not be combined with sildenafil. Medications such as isosorbide dinitrate or nitroglycerin can pose a severe risk when taken alongside sildenafil, so discuss all current medications with your physician or pharmacist.
- Disclose any use of illicit drugs, especially those containing nitrates, as this can lead to dangerous interactions.
- Let your healthcare provider know if you are considering taking any vitamins, supplements, or additional medications while using sildenafil.
- Sildenafil is sold under various brand names, such as Liqrev, Revatio, and Viagra. It is important to avoid taking products under these different names concurrently.
- Natural or over-the-counter products may interact with sildenafil. Always inform your healthcare provider or pharmacist about any such products you are using.
- Make sure to notify your healthcare provider regarding your smoking habits, any recent surgeries, or existing medical conditions, including but not limited to heart issues, ulcers, or blood disorders.
- If you are a female taking sildenafil for PAH, consult your doctor about your pregnancy or breastfeeding status.
- Inform your physician if you have been advised to forgo sexual activity for medical reasons.
- Maintain transparent communication with your healthcare provider regarding your use of sildenafil, especially in emergency situations.
Before using this medication, consult your physician about the intake of grapefruit or grapefruit juice during the treatment period.
If you miss a dose of sildenafil while treating PAH, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Possible Side Effects of Sildenafil
Sildenafil can cause a range of side effects. Contact your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or persistent:
- Headaches
- Heartburn or indigestion
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Facial flushing
- Nosebleeds
- Numbness or tingling sensations
- Muscle aches or back pain
- Alterations in color vision
- Increased sensitivity to light
- Nasal congestion
Serious Side Effects
Some side effects may be serious. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Sudden loss of vision
- Blurred or decreased vision
- Sudden loss of hearing
- Dizziness or fainting spells
- Chest pain
- Severe difficulty in breathing
- Prolonged or painful erections
- Severe allergic reactions
It's important to be aware that certain individuals have reported sudden vision loss following the consumption of sildenafil or similar medications. It remains unclear whether these occurrences were caused directly by the medication. If you experience sudden vision changes, contact your healthcare provider right away and refrain from taking additional doses until you consult with them.
Sildenafil should be stored in its original packaging, kept tightly sealed and out of the reach of children. Tablets must be stored at room temperature, shielded from excessive heat and humidity. Oral suspensions should also be kept at room temperature or refrigerated, but must not be frozen. Any unused oral suspension should be discarded after 60 days.
To prevent accidental poisoning, always keep medications out of the reach of children, and dispose of any unneeded medications responsibly to avoid accidental ingestion.
In case of overdose, immediately contact poison control at 1-800-222-1222. If the individual has lost consciousness or is having trouble breathing, call emergency services at 911.
Always keep up with your scheduled medical appointments, and do not share your medication with others. Maintain an updated list of all medications you use, including prescription and over-the-counter items, as well as vitamins and supplements.
- Liqrev®
- Revatio®
- Viagra®