Tadalafil (Cialis) is a prescription medication that is primarily used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED), which is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity. It is also indicated for managing symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition characterized by an enlarged prostate that can cause issues with urination, such as hesitancy, dribbling, and a weak urinary stream. Additionally, tadalafil (Adcirca) is utilized in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a serious condition where high blood pressure occurs in the blood vessels that supply the lungs, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and dizziness. Tadalafil is classified as a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, and its mode of action involves the relaxation of blood vessels, which allows for increased blood flow to the penis during sexual stimulation, ultimately facilitating an erection. It also aids in the reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with PAH.
It is crucial to understand that while tadalafil is effective for the treatment of ED and BPH, it does not cure these conditions nor does it enhance sexual desire. Furthermore, tadalafil is not an effective means of preventing pregnancy, nor does it protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDS.
Tadalafil is available in the form of oral tablets, and it can be taken either with or without food. However, it is advisable to consult with your healthcare provider regarding the timing of your doses, as food can influence the absorption and effectiveness of the medication.
For those using tadalafil to treat erectile dysfunction, there are generally two dosing regimens available: as-needed basis or daily use. If you opt for an as-needed regimen, it is advised to take tadalafil at least 30 minutes before anticipated sexual activity and not more than once in a 24-hour period. On the other hand, if a daily regimen is chosen, tadalafil can be taken consistently at the same time each day without regard to sexual activity. Be sure to discuss with your healthcare provider which dosing schedule is most appropriate based on your personal health needs and lifestyle.
Patients prescribed tadalafil for BPH or PAH should adhere to a daily dosing schedule and not split the tablets for separate doses. If you are currently using medications for BPH, your doctor may direct you to discontinue those treatments at least one day prior to starting tadalafil. It is essential to follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider to optimize the benefits of the medication.
When beginning treatment for ED, your doctor may start you with a moderate dose of tadalafil, which can be adjusted based on your individual response and any side effects you may encounter. If tadalafil does not seem effective, or if you experience undesirable side effects, it is important to communicate this with your healthcare professional.
While tadalafil can effectively manage symptoms of PAH, it is important to note that it does not cure the condition. Patients should continue taking tadalafil as prescribed, even if they feel well, and not discontinue use without consulting their doctor.
Always ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for the manufacturer’s patient information to better understand your medication.
In addition to its primary uses, tadalafil may be prescribed for other indications. If you have questions regarding other potential uses, please consult with your healthcare provider.
Before Taking Tadalafil
- Make sure to inform your doctor and pharmacist if you have a known allergy to tadalafil, other medications, or any components found in tadalafil tablets.
- Notify your healthcare provider if you are currently taking or have recently taken any nitrates, such as isosorbide dinitrate or nitroglycerin, as the combination with tadalafil can lead to severe interactions.
- Alert your doctor about any illicit drugs, especially those containing nitrates, as this can also lead to dangerous interactions.
- Many individuals are treated with either Adcirca or Cialis at one time; you should not take both products simultaneously.
- Provide your doctor with a comprehensive list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements you are taking.
- Report any history of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, or other serious health conditions to your healthcare provider, as these can affect your treatment plan.
- Women who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding should inform their healthcare provider before considering tadalafil as a treatment option.
- Discuss with your doctor the implications of alcohol consumption while on tadalafil treatment, as excessive alcohol intake may exacerbate certain side effects.
- If you have experienced a prolonged erection (lasting more than four hours), or if you experience any pain during sexual activity, seek immediate medical advice.
- Always inform your healthcare team that you are on tadalafil if you need medical treatment in an emergency setting.
Consult your healthcare provider regarding the consumption of grapefruit juice during tadalafil treatment, as it may interact with the medication.
If you forget to take your dose of tadalafil for erectile dysfunction, take it as soon as you remember. If the next dose is approaching, skip the missed dose and return to your regular schedule without doubling up.
For those prescribed tadalafil for PAH or BPH, follow the same advice regarding missed doses as outlined for ED.
Tadalafil Can Cause Side Effects
Inform your doctor if any of the following symptoms are severe or do not resolve:
- headache
- indigestion or heartburn
- nausea
- diarrhea
- flushing of the skin
- muscle or back pain
- cough
Serious Side Effects
If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention immediately:
- sudden loss of vision
- ringing in the ears or sudden hearing loss
- an erection lasting longer than four hours (priapism)
- chest pain or irregular heartbeat
- skin rash or hives
- difficulty breathing or swallowing
- swelling in the face or limbs
Some individuals have reported sudden vision loss following tadalafil usage; this may be permanent and it is crucial to reach out to your healthcare provider if you experience these symptoms.
Additionally, some patients have reported sudden hearing loss, which can occur with or without accompanying tinnitus; consult your doctor immediately if this happens.
It's worth noting that other side effects may also occur; always communicate with your healthcare provider about any unusual symptoms.
If you develop a severe side effect, please report it to the FDA's MedWatch program either online or via phone to ensure appropriate tracking of adverse events.
Store tadalafil in its original container, tightly closed, and ensure it is out of reach of children. Maintain the medication at room temperature and avoid exposure to excessive heat and moisture, such as in bathrooms.
Proper disposal of unused medications is crucial to avoid accidental ingestion by children or pets. Do not flush medications down the toilet. Instead, engage with local drug take-back programs or follow guidelines outlined on the FDA’s website for safe disposal.
In the event of overdose, contact Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. If someone shows severe symptoms like passing out or having trouble breathing, call emergency services right away.
Ensure to keep all medical appointments with your healthcare provider for appropriate monitoring and adjustments as needed.
Do not share your medication with others, and consult your pharmacist for any questions concerning the refilling of your prescription.
Maintain a written record of all medications you are currently taking, including prescribed drugs and over-the-counter products. Bring this record to every doctor's visit and in emergency situations.
- Adcirca®
- Cialis®
- Entadfi® (combination product with finasteride)